How to Convert Cubic Meters to Cubic Feet

The most effective method to Convert Cubic Meters to Cubic Feet Cubic feet and cubic meters are the two proportions of volume, the previous in the majestic and U.S. standard framework, and the last in the decimal measuring standard. The change is most effectively clarified with a model issue: What number of cubic feet of room is encased by a container estimating 2m x 2m x 3m? Arrangement Stage 1: Find the volume of the crate Volume in mâ ³ 2m x 2m x 3m 12 mâ ³ Stage 2: Determine what number of cubic feet are in 1 cubic meter 1 m 3.28084 ft (1 m)â ³ (3.28084 ft)â ³ 1 mâ ³ 35.315 ftâ ³ Stage 3: Convert mâ ³ to ftâ ³ Set up the transformation soâ that the ideal unit will be counteracted. For this situation, we need ftâ ³ to be the rest of the unit. Volume in ftâ ³ Volume in mâ ³ x 35.315 ftâ ³/1 mâ ³ Volume in ftâ ³ 12 mâ ³ x 35.315 ftâ ³/1 mâ ³ Volume in ftâ ³ 423.8 ftâ ³ Answer The volume of room, in cubic feet, encased by a container estimating 2m x 2m x 3m is 423.8 ftâ ³ Cubic Feet To Cubic Meters Example Problem You can work the transformation the other way. As a basic model, convert 50.0 cubic feet to cubic meters. Start with the transformation factor: 1 m3 35.315 ft3 or 1 ft3 0.0283 m3 It doesnt matter which transformation factor you use, giving you set up the issue effectively. Volume in cubic meters 50.0 cubic feet x (1 cubic meter/35.315 cubic feet) The cubic feet will counterbalance, leaving cubic meters: Volume in cubic meters is 1.416 m3.

Approaches to Data Cleaning

Ways to deal with Data Cleaning Information Cleaning draws near: by and large, information cleaning contains a few stages Information Analysis: A point by point investigation is required to check what sort of irregularities and mistakes are to be settled. An investigation program ought to be utilized alongside manual examination of information to distinguish information quality issues and to separate metadata. Portrayal of mapping rules and change work process: We may need to execute a lot of information cleaning and change steps relying on the level of filthiness of information, the measure of information sources and their degree of heterogeneity. At times diagram change is required to outline to a typical information model for information distribution center, generally social model is used. Beginning information cleaning stages sort out information for reconciliation and fix single â€source moment confusions. Further stages manage information/composition joining and settling multi-source glitches, e.g., redundancies. Work process that expresses the ETL procedures ought to determine the control and information stream of the cleaning ventures for information distribution center. The blueprint related information changes and the cleaning steps ought to be measured by a revelatory question and mapping language to the degree conceivable, to permit auto age of the transformation program. Alongside it there ought to be a likelihood to call client composed program and uncommon instruments during the procedure of information change and cleaning process. A client assessment is required for information change for whom there is no worked in cleaning rationale. Check: The exactness and effectiveness of a change procedure and change plans ought to be confirmed and surveyed on an example information to improve the definitions. Redundancy of the confirmation, structure and investigation stages might be required on the grounds that a few issues may show up in the wake of playing out certain changes. Change: Implementation of the change stage either by running the ETL procedure for invigorating and stacking an information distribution center or during returning questions from heterogeneous sources. Turn around stream of changed information: when the single source issues are settled the changed information ought to be overwritten in the base source so we can give heritage programs cleaned information and to circumvent rehashing of the change procedure for future information withdrawals. For the information warehousing, the cleaned information is introduced from the information arranging zone. The change stage requires a gigantic volume of metadata, for example, work process definitions, change mappings, occurrence level information attributes, patterns and so forth. For dependability, tractability and reusability, this metadata ought to be kept in a DBMS-based storehouse. For instance the ensuing table Customers holds the sections C_ID and C_no, allowing anybody to follow the base records. In the following segments we have expounded in more detail plausible approachs for information assessment, transformation definition and struggle assurance. Alongside it there ought to be a likelihood to call client composed program and extraordinary instruments during the procedure of information change and cleaning process. A client feeling is required for information change for whom there is no worked in cleaning rationale. The exactness and productivity of a change procedure a nd change structures ought to be checked and evaluated on an example information to improve the definitions. Redundancy of the confirmation, structure and investigation stages might be required on the grounds that a few shortcomings may show up subsequent to playing out certain transformations. Change: Implementation of the change stage either by running the ETL procedure for reviving and stacking an information distribution center or during returning inquiries from heterogeneous sources. Turn around stream of changed information: when the single source issues are settled the changed information ought to be overwritten in the base source so we can give heritage programs cleaned information and to avoid rehashing of the change procedure for future information withdrawals. For the information warehousing, the cleaned information is introduced from the information organizing territory. The change stage requires a colossal volume of metadata, for example, work process definitions, chang e mappings, occurrence level information qualities, compositions and so forth. For dependability, tractability and reusability, this metadata ought to be kept in a DBMS-based store. To keep up information greatness, careful information about the change stage is to be put away, both in the in the changed events and store , in exact data about the breadth and splendor of source information and extraction data about the wellspring of changed elements and the change applied on them. For instance the subsequent table Customers holds the segments C_ID and C_no, allowing anybody to follow the base records. In the following segments we have expounded in more detail plausible approachs for information assessment, change definition and strife assurance. Information ANALYSIS Metadata reflected in blueprints is typically insufficient to assess the information honesty of a source, especially if just few respectability requirements are forced. It is along these lines important to look at the first examples to get genuine metadata on inconsistent worth examples or information highlights. This metadata helps looking through information quality issues. Moreover, it can productively finance to perceive characteristic correspondences among base patterns (mapping coordinating), in light of which programmed information transformations can be created. There are two related techniques for information investigation, information mining and information profiling. Information mining helps with deciding specific information shapes in gigantic informational indexes, e.g., connections among various qualities. The focal point of illustrative information mining incorporates succession discovery, affiliation location, outline and bunching. Uprightness requirements between traits like client characterized business rules and utilitarian conditions can be distinguished, which could be used to fill void fields, resolve ill-conceived information and to identify excess chronicles all through information sources for example a relationship rule with incredible sureness can recommend information quality difficulties in substances penetrating this standard. So a sureness of 99% for decide â€Å"tota_price=total_quantity*price_per_unit† proposes that 1% of the files don't satisfy prerequisite and might require nearer investigation. Information profiling focuses on the occasion examination of single property. It gives data like discrete qualities, esteem run, length, information type and their uniqueness, fluctuation, recurrence, event of invalid qualities, average string design (e.g., for address), and so on., determining an exact sight of various quality highlights of the trait. Table3. Models for the utilization of reengineered metadata to address information quality issues Characterizing information changes The information transformation stage normally includes various advances where each progression may perform blueprint and occasion related changes (mappings). To permit an information change and cleaning procedure to deliver change guidelines and in this way decline the volume of manual programming it is obligatory to express the compulsory transformations in an appropriate language, e.g., helped by a graphical UI. Numerous ETL apparatuses bolster this usefulness by helping restrictive guidance dialects. A progressively normal and stretchy technique is the utilization of the SQL standard question language to achieve the information changes and utilize the opportunity of use explicit language augmentations, in certain client characterized capacities (UDFs) are bolstered in SQL:99 . UDFs can be executed in SQL or any programming language with embedded SQL articulations. They grant applying a broad assortment of information transformations and bolster simple use for various change and qu estion handling undertakings. Furthermore, their execution by the DBMS can diminish information get to cost and along these lines increment execution. At long last, UDFs are a piece of the SQL:99 standard and should (at last) be versatile across numerous stages and DBMSs. The transformation expresses a view on which extra mappings can be completed. The change actualizes a pattern adjustment with included properties in the view accomplished by partitioning the location and name qualities of the source. The obligatory information extractions are accomplished by User characterized capacities. The U.D.F executions can include cleaning rationale, e.g., to dispose of spelling botches in city or convey lost names. U.D.F may apply a noteworthy execution vitality and don't help all fundamental pattern transformations. In explicit, normal and regularly required strategies, for example, trait isolating or joining are not commonly helped yet frequently should have been re-applied in application specific contrasts. Increasingly troublesome composition improvements (e.g., unfurling and collapsing of qualities) are not strengthened by any means. Compromise: Various change stages must be recognized and performed to explain the various outline and occasion level information quality glitches that are reflected in the information sources. Various kinds of adjustments are to be executed on the discrete information sources to manage single-source blunders and to detail for coordination with different sources. Alongside conceivable outline interpretation, these primer advances normally includes following advances: Getting information from free structure qualities: Free structure traits generally take various discrete qualities that ought to be gotten to achieve a nitty gritty picture and help extra change steps, for example, searching for coordinating occasion and excess disposal. Regular models are address and name fields. Basic changes in this stage are rearrangement of information inside a field to conform to word inversions, and information extraction for property penetrating. Confirmation and adjustment: This progression examines each source case for information section mix-ups and endeavors to determine them consequently however much as could reasonably be expected. Spell-checking based on word reference looking is beneficia

Research Paper Writing Websites

Research Paper Writing WebsitesResearch paper writing websites are very popular these days. Most students who write their own research papers nowadays will have to use research paper writing websites, as it is the only way they can find help and recommendations on different topics that they will be writing about in their respective academic essays.These paper writing websites usually offer writing assistance through their websites for various reasons. A lot of research writing is done online, so many of these websites have a lot of writing materials, including templates, free samples and free research paper templates which can be used for personal or professional writing purposes. If you are a first-time writer, it is always best to go through these websites before starting your essay project as it will help you decide on the right topic to write about and the most suitable style of writing for your target audience.You can try out different research paper writing websites on the inte rnet to get some help and pointers on how to write a successful essay. Your objective is to get the maximum number of views, as well as reviews, comments from people who read the essays you write, to get feedback and suggestions for the changes that need to be made in the essay. It is always wise to get the feedback from other writers because they can provide you with useful ideas and resources that can be helpful for you when it comes to improving the quality of your writing and development of your skills as a writer.To make sure that you get the maximum number of people to read your research paper, it is important that you make yourself as interesting as possible, and that means that you have to highlight the salient points that are relevant to the essay that you are writing. It is therefore advisable to make your topic interesting to your readers, rather than just coming up with a random topic, as it can cause boredom among your readers, and at the same time, you might end up get ting too many false information about your topic. To avoid this, always make your topic interesting, and not too confusing, as this will leave your readers frustrated and want to stop reading your essay altogether. Other factors that can be helpful in improving the quality of your research paper include choosing the right font, font size and also the color of the fonts. The use of fancy fonts in writing your research paper is always an ideal way to enhance the interest of your readers and entice them to continue reading. Make sure that the font and color of the font are neither too small nor too big, as this will ruin the look of your essay.When it comes to choosing the type of layout for your research paper, you need to ensure that the layout is easy on the eyes of your readers. Try and be as creative as possible while choosing a layout, this will ensure that your reader will have a lot of fun while reading your research paper, as he or she will see and be entertained by your writi ng.In addition to all the above mentioned points, you can also try and get an idea on the presentation of your research paper from different websites online. Remember that research paper writing websites will give you free samples of essays that are being written for a topic that you are writing about, so it will be easy for you to find out whether you should use the same format or not.So, research paper writing websites can be helpful in guiding you on how to write a successful research paper. In fact, these websites are probably the best resource to get ideas and tips on how to write a good essay.

Quantitative and Qualitative Article Analysis Essay

Abstract In this paper I will analyze two articles, one is quantitative and the other is qualitative. I will describe the quantitative methods used including the research question addressed, the hypothesis, and variables. I will identify the population and sample. I will discuss the reliability and validity of the instruments used. I will then discuss the design of the article and how the findings were analyzed. For the qualitative article, I will identify the design of the article, the methods used and the strategies used for analyzing the data. Lastly, I will look at the implications for practice in the qualitative article, discuss other journals that might be interested in publishing the article and discuss how this article might†¦show more content†¦A review of literature was done and then based on the research; a survey was conducted to find out what factors contribute to classroom teachers’ use of computers in instruction. Two previously tested instruments that were used in large scale surveys were used to develop this survey. Validity and reliability were established through the piloting procedures of Tailored Design Method (Franklin, 2007). A modified pilot study or pretest was done by experts in education, research, and technology. According to Lodico, Spaulding, and Voegtle (2010) any survey should be pilot tested with a small group that was similar to the actual participants. The quantitative design used was correlation. This study was a prediction study. The criterion variable was how much and in what ways teachers used computers. The predictor variables were the factors of leadership, time, and access and availability (Franklin, 2007). A five step process was used to collect the data. There were four contacts by first class mail and the final contact was made by priority mail. According to the article, inferential and descriptive statistics were used in this study. Data was put into a statistical software program where the frequencies, percentages, means, and standard deviations for each survey question were computed and then reported in tables. Multiple correlations were computed and tested for significance (Franklin, 2007). According to the article, the relationshipShow MoreRelatedTypes Of Quantitative Data Collection And Five Types For Qualitative Data1637 Words   |  7 PagesData Analysis As noted in Table 1, there were four types of quantitative data collection and five types for qualitative data. Quantitative. The quantitative data from the population-sourcing databases was used to define the demographics and subgroups being studied. The PCA performed on the teacher questionnaires resulted in a list of effective teaching factors, which was divided by the subgroup and demographic data, though this list was not included in the study. The PCA results from the studentRead MoreEffects Of Alcohol Advertising On Adolescents1494 Words   |  6 Pageseffect of alcohol advertising on adolescents. Accordingly, the limitations for the methodologies used in the selected articles are discussed. Consequently, this paper further suggests a more appropriate method in conducting future research in effects of advertising in adolescents. â€Æ' 2.0 Analysis of Previous Journal Articles Proposition Formulation There are abundant journal articles which can be found on the Curtin database and Google Scholar regarding the impact of alcohol advertising and marketingRead MoreWhat Are The Components Of A Qualitative Research?1111 Words   |  5 Pagesscholarly articles. Qualitative and quantitative data represent two entirely different formats of evidence-based material used in research. The information in all scholarly research articles falls under one or both of these categories. Although people often get these research styles confused, those who wish to write effective evidence-based articles must understand the differences between the two. The purpose of this paper is to identify and discuss the components of a qualitative research article andRead MoreFactors That Impacted Effective Diabetes Management Within The Native American Population985 Words   |  4 PagesType Two Diabetes Both quantitative and qualitative research studies provide healthcare professionals with valuable information, albeit from different perspectives. While quantitative studies emphasize numerical and statistical measurements, qualitative studies focus on themes and concepts related to a phenomenon. The following discussion contrasts these two types of research approaches as they relate to the topic of type 2 diabetes mellitus and considers the value of qualitative research within theRead MoreQuantitative And Qualitative Research Methodology882 Words   |  4 PagesQuantitative and Qualitative Research Methodology Comparison Research, as defined by Merriam Webster, is â€Å"the activity of getting information about a subject† (Research, n.d.). When looking at the research process there are two main approaches for gathering information; qualitative and quantitative approaches. The qualitative approach focuses on describing information in a deep thought provoking manner. Adversely, the quantitative approach focuses on information from a larger number of people andRead MoreDifference Between Qualitative And Quantitative Research968 Words   |  4 Pagesbetween the qualitative and quantitative research in regards to the sample was the size of the sample. The qualitative sample had nine participants and the qualitative had a return rate of 1695 students and 1556 teachers. Another difference between the two studies is the quantitative used a random sampling method, whereas the qualitative study used criterion sampling with the criteria being that they were teachers in K-12 who taught/used mobile l earning devices. The quantitative sample was fromRead MoreResearch Methodology For Academic Journal Articles1268 Words   |  6 Pagesdetermining the research methodology. Abstract The primary goal of this study is to systematize the knowledge in the area of different research methodological approaches applied in academic journal articles, assess their usefulness and present the results of the analysis. Key words: qualitative research, quantitative research, mixed method research Introduction Defining a case study method indicates the problem and entails choosing/finding a solution to solve it. However, to answer research questions itRead MoreEnglish Language Learners Methodology Comparison Essay874 Words   |  4 Pages2014). Researchers use qualitative, quantitative, or mixed-methods to conduct a study. Each methodology contains advantages and disadvantages; therefore, researchers need to decide on an appropriate methodology for the study (McLeod, 2008). The article â€Å"Effects of the Helping Early Literacy with Practice Strategies (HELPS) reading fluency program with Latino English Language Learners: A preliminary Evaluation† (Begeny, Ross, Greene, Mitchell, Whitehouse, 2012) and the article â€Å"Mainstream first-gradeRead MoreInternational Journal Of Communication ( 19328036 ) Essay1043 Words   |  5 PagesBecker, H. S. (2010). How to Find Out How to Do Qualitative Research. International Journal Of Communication (19328036), 4545-553. Background: In 2009 the National Science Foundation held a conference and issued a document about qualitative methods – what they are lacking. This article pointed out the shortcomings of that report. The NSF went so far has to tell researches using qualitative methods to learn real science- defined as theoretically derived, testable hypotheses, with methods of data gatheringRead MoreClinical Log 2 : Clinical Assessment1655 Words   |  7 PagesClinical log 2 As the clinical log 2, this essay examines a situation where the writer recognized the need for evidenced-based information, followed by the description and critique of the research article the writer tried to find the evidence. Then the essay is concluded with the reflection of learning through this assignment. Clinical Incident My preceptor is a full-time radiation therapist, conducting research to improve patients’ experience during their cancer treatment. Through the placement

Internet Hacking - 2145 Words

Imagine this, anyone, anywhere has the ability to connect to almost every computer in the whole world without even leaving this own home. Most of these computers are connected to the Internet which is, with the Internets growing popularity and widespread usage, one of the most susceptible targets to the continually growing hacking movement. The term hacker has caused much debate in regards to the actual meaning of it, but hacking by any definition is the art of thinking outside the box. In order to be a great hacker there is not necessarily a ton of technical computer knowledge that one must know, but more the less one must be creative and have an open mind and try to think outside of the box. Another big debate within the hacking†¦show more content†¦If the IP scanner displays something similar to ‘connected it means that IP was successfully pinged and if the scanner displays something like ‘not connected it means that IP does not exist on that certain network. Port scanners are similar to IP scanners. The ports that the port scanner scans are not actual ports they are services on the server. A lot of the programs out there contain IP scanners and port scanners. ||| The traceroute utility traces the routers that a hacker must go through in order to reach a destination network. Traceroute also displays the IP addresses of all the routers its passes through on the way to the destination. The traceroute utility is built into both Windows and UNIX. Output from traceroute will look like FIGURE 3 if the traceroute was successful and the output would look like FIGURE 4 if a firewall if the destination is blocked by a firewall. The password cracker is a very important part of any hackers arsenal of software. Most of the time the goal of a hacker is to gain root access which would require them to obtain the root password. The file that contains the password will almost certainly be encrypted so a good password cracker is a necessity if th e hack is to be considered successful. Most of the password crackers test known usernames with a dictionary list of possible passwords until a match is made. Another program that a lot of hackers use but is not a required program to hack is a brute force program. Brute forcingShow MoreRelatedExamples Of Internet Hacking901 Words   |  4 PagesHow To Prevent Hacking – The State Got Hacked, Be Sure You Are Not Next Rumours and investigations of Russian involvement in the U.S. Presidential Election and a possible collusion with the Trump government, brought to light troubling information about cybersecurity. Amid questions of civil rights violations and the blatant disregard for due process, lies the million dollar question; How exactly does a country with one of the highest levels of technological sophistication get hacked? The State ofRead MoreCybercrime And Internet Hacking And Its Effect On The Security Of The Internet1386 Words   |  6 PagesCybercrime and internet hacking has been an ongoing issue in contemporary life. â€Å"Internet hacking is the practice of modifying or altering computer software and hardware to accomplish a goal considered to be outside of the creator’s original objective.† (Merriam-Webster). Any individual, business, or even government with a computer is not safe from these computer criminals. So, the main question is: How do we fix this cybercrime that does millions of dollars in damage, and should we implement â€Å"ethicalRead MoreIncrease of Internet Piracy and Hacking Essay example1017 Words   |  5 Pagesparticular song would have been downloaded from the internet in this city alone, and each file for a song costs almost a dollar. That is more than five million dollars lost for a single song in Atlanta. The example only shows only a small fraction of t he bigger problems faced throughout the world. The increases of piracy and hacking have caused negative effects on the economy and society of the world. First of all, the increasing numbers of piracy and hacking are contributed by not knowing that the peopleRead MoreInternet Security Against Hacking Systems2337 Words   |  10 PagesA Paper Presentation on INTERNET SECURITY AGAINST HACKING SYSTEMS ABSTRACT The internet has been a wide usage in all the fields in the present competitive world. It is being used in the education, research, business and what not, in everything. But providing security for the users information or transactions or any other data in any of the field has become a paramount. This paper gives a vivid picture of â€Å"E-commerce† and the vulnerabilitiesRead MoreEssay on Ethical Computer Hacking972 Words   |  4 Pagesfile extensions. But maybe theyre the people sitting hours on end to deploy a fix for that certain virus someone else is writing, or safeguarding a local banks network to make sure that virus cannot access the banks database. Hacking can be ethical by providing the Internet world with a tightened sense of security by detecting and preventing security flaws before it is too late. There are a many types of hacks, and hackers in the cyber world. A hack can be any modification done to virtually anythingRead MoreInternet Technology, Marketing, and Security: Lockheed Martin Corp Hacking1725 Words   |  7 PagesLockheed Martin Corp (LMT) hacking The Lockheed Martin Corp is a fir that deals with aerospace and security issues and is mainly engaged in research work, designing, manufacturing, development as well as integration of advanced technology systems, services as well as products. The major portion of the clients of this corporation is the U.S. Department of defense as well as the federal government agencies. The other section of the clients is the international governments as well as the commercialRead MoreSpeech For Young Group Of People About Computer Hacking Essay857 Words   |  4 PagesTitle of Assignment: speech to young group of people about computer Hacking. English Teacher: Sally whitehead Good morning ladies and gentleman, how you doing? I hope everyone is doing well. My name is Haider Abbasi and I am here today to talk about computer hacking and the pros and cons. I am sure that we have all been affected at some point by hacking and some of us may have experienced a financial crisis as a result of hacking. I am sure that most of us would like to see computer hackers imprisonedRead MoreThe Growth Of Hacking And Online Fraud1493 Words   |  6 PagesThe Growth of Hacking and Online Fraud Hacking and online fraud have changed a lot over the years to have become a serious threat to internet users all over the world. Innocent people are having private and important information stolen every day either by criminals breaking into their system or users being tricked into giving their information. Governments and businesses hack into their opponent’s network to gain sensitive information to surpass their opponent. Many criminals use fraud to steal financialRead MoreIncreasing Popularity of Social Networking842 Words   |  3 Pages The popularity of social networking sites has increased significantly in the past few years which had resulted in a massive amount of personal information that people put on these sites. However, the use of the internet has increased due to people’s acceptance of online services as a safe and efficient way to handle personal affairs. Examples of those services include banking, shopping, social networking and o ther financial transactions. Some people do not mind putting personalRead MoreInternet Privacy And The Internet954 Words   |  4 Pagesunauthorized information by computer, but they actually make the internet a safer place. With the growth of the internet comes the growth of hackers and internet privacy. New laws that would increase internet privacy and, limit hackers would halt the internets growth and development. Since the year 2000, the internet has grown enormously we can all agree and with this growth comes a growth of internet users. With all the internet users, online comes people trying to accuse their information by

Privilege Race and White Supremacy Free Essays

string(138) " of town you have the minorities living in the poorest side and on the other side you have the wealthiest, which are mainly white people\." As a Latina that I am I was brought to the united states by the myth of the American Dream, hoping to find equality, freedom and opportunity. Becoming an American requires that immigrants like me take a new identity, to be able to be equally treated as members of the white community with all rights, responsibilities, and opportunities that American citizens have and when I mean American people I mean white people. The myth of the American Dream then falls flat on my face because it lies when it says that Americans are â€Å"equally created. We will write a custom essay sample on Privilege: Race and White Supremacy or any similar topic only for you Order Now Once I came into this country I came across the reality that in fact we are created equal but yet we are not the same because our skin color is not â€Å"white† and we have distinct physical characteristics. Life experiences made me ask, What does it mean to be white? , What is white privilege? , and what is white supremacy? And I came to a conclusion that white privilege and white supremacy can be described as a right or protection granted essay writer needed, advantage or favor to whites and the ability to take advantage of people that belong to minorities. White privilege means more opportunities to whites rather than to people that actually need it; white privilege is also invisible to whites but not to minorities that have been oppressed throughout the years. The article â€Å"Constructing Race, Creating White Privilege† by Pem Davidson Buck explains on the ideas behind white privilege and how it is created perfectly. It begins with the idea behind constructing race and keeping racial categories separate. It then gets into the privileges white people have such as the right to bear arms, own livestock, and even the right to beat any blacks. Buick writes, â€Å"More pain could be inflected on blacks than on whites. Whites alone could bear arms; Whites alone had the right to self-defense† (34). Meaning that if a white person hits you for no reason then you were not allowed to defend yourself just because you were â€Å"black,† but what if the white men was beating you to death, could you defend yourself? , no, because you were black. Nothing has change even today white still think they have the right to humiliate you because they think they are better than you. I work at a grocery store and I always have to take the humiliation specially from white customers, because people personally ask me if I speak English or they let me know that I shouldn’t be working there because this is a white people store, I am not allowed to defend myself because I will get fire, just like African Americans were not allowed to defend themselves because otherwise they will get bit up by their owner. This article ends with psychological wage and how whites are treated differently in places of business. This sense of superiority allowed struggling northern whites to look down their noses at free blacks and at recent immigrants particularly the Irish. This version of whiteness was supposed to make up for their otherwise difficult situation providing them with a ‘psychological wage’ instead of cash- a bit like being employee of the month and given a special parking place instead of a raise†(Buck. Pg. 35). This also meant that the poor whites helped by supporting the unfair system and made it easier for the rich whites to have control over the labor force and economy. Therefore, the psychological wage â€Å"paid† the poor whites because it made them feel as if being white was a privilege; it was a reward to be white and it made them look down on blacks, Indians and other minorities. On the other hand minorities were not paid because white people did not want to pay them instead they would just give them something such as ‘employee of the month’ to make them think that they were important. I believe this country is one of the riches because oppressors were always living off African Americans and other minorities’ hard work instead of giving them what they deserve. This reading hits great points on the differences seen between whites and blacks and the differences on how they are treated. Not enough with mistreating them and not giving them the right to get a wage they also take advantage by passing laws that will make minorities sink , stay uneducated and do not let them progress. There is a stereotypical view that underprivileged minorities are sometimes considered uneducated. This lack of minorities’ education is not our fault, but the fault of unlikely outside powers such as white supremacy. Consequently there is some truth to this specific label, but the minorities are not to blame for lack of education we did not choose to be poor we were forced to be poor and stay at the bottom of the ladder. Few opportunities are given to us, starting with housing then leading to schools which would then affect our education. This all started with our Federal Housing Agency or the FHA. In the reading The Possessive Investment in Whiteness the author George Lipsitz puts extensive research into how the FHA started and how its agency ties into minorities receiving loans or the lack of. In 1934 the FHA was provided from the government who then gave the agency’s power to private home lenders, and this is when racial biasness came into place through selective home loans. Lipsitz says, â€Å"the Federal Housing Agency’s confidential surveys and appraiser’s manuals channeled almost all of the loan money toward whites and away from communities of color† (pg. 74). These surveys were conducted by the private lenders who had free supremacy to prove the loans to whomever they want. Because the minorities did not get a chance to receive the FHA loans that they needed, they are then forced to live in urban areas. This is one of the reasons why people stay segregated because on one side of town you have the minorities living in the poorest side and on the other side you have the wealthiest, which are mainly white people. You read "Privilege: Race and White Supremacy" in category "Papers" If we take a look at global segregation, the third world countries are mainly non-white ethnicity for example Haiti is a third world country that does not progress because the United States (one of the riches country) does not let that country progress. White supremacy is lead by the tought that white people do not think of themselves as a race because that would bring them down and think that they are ‘inferior’. In the article â€Å"Failing to See† by Harlon Dalton, he suggests that most white people tend to see themselves in racial terms. Dalton writes â€Å" The emergence in the 1980smof the term ‘African American’ was meant to supply a label for our ethnicity that is distinct from the one used for race. Most people, however, continue to use the term ‘black’ to refer to both. White’ on the other hand refers only to race. It has no particular content† (pg. 17). In my opinion Dalton is referring to the circumstance that white people don’t see themselves as a race because their race has never been an issue in their lives. For example a white person has to go through the pain of not getting a job because of their racial identity on the other hand a person who belongs to a minority race that of African American or Latino decent they do get rejected from jobs just because they either look â€Å"black† or â€Å"brown†. Most white people never associate whiteness as race because they were taught to label others and not themselves cause if they label others as raced they themselves cannot be a part of that group. Teaching with people to not label themselves is one of the lessons thought by their ancestors in addition to the lessons of hating other people outside their with circle. In the book Killers of the Dream by Lillian Smith the author writes about the way she was brought up, the lessons she was thought. The book starts off with the author remembering a childhood incident with her parents that made her onder about the hypocrisy she has been raised by in the Southern way of life. â€Å" A little white girl was found in the colored section of our town, living with a Negro family in a broken-down shack† (Smith pg. 34-35). Her mother’s friend believed that the girl was kidnapped and the little girl ends up living at the Smith’s house for a few weeks. The author quickly becomes f riends with this girl-Janie, until her mother tells Lillian that Janie is in fact a black girl and cannot live in their home anymore. Moreover, her mother informs Lillian that she is too young to understand why, and she should not ever ask about this subject again. Lillian now had to explain to Janie that colored children should not live with white children. This was one of the lessons her parents thought Lillian; Smith also explains the parents’ mentality towards their children and how they are raised. Those parents enforce their children into believing that sexual desires, and all the parts of their bodies that cause these sexual desires, are shameful and should be feared; including their fear for black people. In the reading The Lessons, Smith writes, â€Å"Our first lesson about God made the deepest impression on us. We were told that He loved us, and then we were told that He would burn us in everlasting flames of hell if we displeased Him. We were told we should love Him for He gives us everything good that we have, and then we were told that we should fear Him because He has the power to do evil to us whenever He cares to. We learned from this part of the lesson another: that â€Å"people,† like God and parents, can love you and hate you at the same time; and though they may love you, if you displease them they may do you great injury† (pg. 5). Smith is trying to explain the confusion that society creates because in one hand society teaches us that we should be treated the same because we are all humans, but on the other hand whites are better than any other person because their color is better and they are better overall. There is a contradiction in what our society teaches us. The ironic part of all is that not only white parents thought that being around black people was bad; b lack people also knew that being around white people was a bad social behavior. In â€Å"The Ethics of Living Jim Crow: An Autobiographical Sketch† a reading by Richard Wright, is a chapter about his life growing up in the segregated south. He remembers what his mother tells him about the differences between whites and blacks. His mother teaches her son not to fight the white man and beat her son when a broken milk bottle, thrown by a white kid, hits him. She taught him that blacks belonged in their place and whites had their own, informing him that he did not mix with the whites. Just like how Lillian was tought to not mix with black people. From here on out Richard Wright lived in fear of the whites and he would soon learn why his mother wished him to feel this way. When Richard went to get a job he remembered his mother’s word and talked to his white boss with the utmost respect using â€Å"yessirs† and â€Å"nosirs†. Despite his respectfulness to the white man, his boss penalized him for wanting to learn and asked him if he thought he was ‘white’. Richard witnesses countless â€Å"Jim Crow† racism throughout his life all so the white man could feel superior to him and his race. At one point he witnesses his boss and twelve year old son beat a black woman and when she ran to a white cop he accused her of being drunk. Richard was searched for being in a white neighborhood, cursed for looking at an attractive white woman, and was forced to falsify a white man’s signature to receive books from the library. In my opinion the white man treated this boy in a bad way because his white privilege gave him the authority to do so his whiteness served the men as a protection. Going back to what Richards mother was telling him that he was unequal to whites probably saved his life. Before he knew this he would partake in fights with white kids throwing black cinders as they returned fire with bottles. When he got hit with one of these bottles and told his mother of the happened she beat him for fighting with whites. Though terrible this was an important lesson for young Richard who would encounter racism for the rest of his life, racism that if he didn’t listen to his mother could have got him killed. Nowadays if someone’s mother tells him or her at an early age that they are unequal to others because you look different could scar that person for life. Those words could lower someone’s self-esteem and mental state that they would be in and out psychologist’s offices for a very long time. But What if more black mothers taught their sons and daughters to fight back against oppression? Could they have made a difference? Possibly, but southern whites would do all they could in order to keep blacks as inferiors. Though eventually blacks did take this stand it took them along time to end segregation and receive more rights. Maybe if boys like Richard were taught to fight they could have changed things earlier, but this would not come without consequences. Groups like the KKK would murder many blacks and without the significance of media to open the eyes of many white in the north it would be an extreme struggle. Believing in equality maintains inequality. If we let people brainwash us by letting us think that we are all equal we are contributing to white supremacy. Instead of contributing to white supremacy let’s contribute to end it. I know that white supremacy will not end from one day to another but we as a society should be able to start changing this dilemma. Works Cited Smith, Lillian. â€Å"When I Was a Child. † Killers of The Dream. Margaret Rose Gladney. W. W. Norton ;Company. New York: 1994. 34-35. Smith, Lillian. â€Å"The Lessons. † Killers of The Dream. Margaret Rose Gladney. W. W. Norton ;Company. New York: 1994. 85. Buck, Davidson Buck. â€Å"Constructing Race, Creating White Privilege†. Race, Class, and Gender In The United States. The Possessive Investment in Whiteness by How to cite Privilege: Race and White Supremacy, Papers

Top 15 Universities for Humanities Majors by Salary Potential

In the world of technology and startups, humanities majors are unfortunately overlooked for engineering and statistics, even when it has a strong earning potential. In the years 2012-2014, humanities majors dropped by 8.7% in degrees awarded. Students are opting for STEM majors, because it presents more job opportunities for fresh graduates. This, however, does not mean students who major in English, philosophy, literature or a foreign language have no earning potential. The writing, critical thinking, and analytical skills that you develop from studying a humanities major can prepare you for a successful career. PayScale, an online compensation information company, published their findings earlier this year and here’s a list of the top 15 university for humanities majors* by potential salary: *Note, this list do not include the salaries of individuals who pursued another degree after their undergraduate degree in computer science. 1. Illinois State University 0-5 years experience: $40,900 10+ experience: $126,000 2. (tie) University of Chicago 0-5 years experience: $44,100 10+ experience: $105,000 2. (tie) University of Pennsylvania 0-5 years experience: $56,400 10+ experience: $105,000 4. Harvard University 0-5 years experience: $60,000 10+ experience: $99,800 5. (tie) Columbia University 0-5 years experience: $54,800 10+ experience: $98,800 5. (tie) University of California - Berkeley 0-5 years experience: $48,400 10+ experience: $98,800 7. University of Southern California 0-5 years experience: $48,400 10+ experience: $98,600 8. Northwestern University 0-5 years experience: $46,400 10+ experience: $97,000 9. Colgate University 0-5 years experience: $58,300 10+ experience: $96,300 10. University of Kansas 0-5 years experience: $42,200 10+ experience: $93,500 11. University of Virginia 0-5 years experience: $48,500 10+ experience: $98,800 12. University of California - San Diego 0-5 years experience: $43,700 10+ experience: $93,400 13. New York University 0-5 years experience: $49,800 10+ experience: $93,200 14. University of California - Santa Barbara 0-5 years experience: $44,000 10+ experience: $92,100 15. Yale University 0-5 years experience: $54,100 10+ experience: $92,000 Not sure if you want to study computer science yet? Do some research and browse our database of 60,000+successful college application filesto see what students similar to you are studying!​

The American Basketball Association And The Contributions It Made To P

The American Basketball Association And The Contributions It Made To P The American Basketball Association and the Contributions it Made to Professional Basketball The American Basketball Association had a short and wild life, yet it made great contributions to professional basketball. It increased the level of talent, changed the way the game was played, and produced some of the greatest stars to ever play the game. It also caused an increase in player salaries and turned pro basketball into a financial institution. The ABA was a place for untapped talent to emerge. Many players proved themselves in the ABA while the National Basketball Association rejected them. This greatly increased the talent level throughout professional hoops. At the same time of the creation of the ABA, the NBA only had 120 players, which meant that many worthy players were not getting the chance to play (Sachare 178). With about 90 players in the ABA, they got their chance. The ABA started to draft college players to compete with the NBA. Because both leagues wanted the best players, the ABA made a rule which said that the draftee did not have to be a college graduate. The NBA had a rule which said that the draftee must have graduated from college. As a result, many college stars began to go straight into the ABA before graduating. One which did this was Moses Malone, he was the first player to come straight out of high school into professional sports (Pluto 435). This was a revolutionary event in the history of professional sports. Now days, most college stars go to the pros without graduating. The ABA had a style of its own. Newsweek once described them, "Sex, drugs, platform shoes, sideburns, slam dunks, midnight franchise shifts, million dollar deferred-payment player contracts, the three-point shot, Dr. J, Marvin (Bad News) Barnes, LaVerne (Jelly) Tart,and Pat Boone. Pro sports the way they oughta be!" (Pluto 465) They were the complete opposite of the NBA. The NBA was traditional and boring to watch. They played a much slower paced game than the ABA, who had an up tempo, fast paced game. The ABA made innovations such as the three-point shot, the tricolored ball, the defensive press, and most importantly, the fast break (Pluto 70). They were the pioneers which made today's game what it is. The defensive press and the fast break were attempts at creating an up tempo game, and they worked. They all helped to sell tickets which enabled the ABA to survive for the nine years that they did. The ABA and the NBA were always competing which brought about many new and exciting aspects to the game of basketball. The ABA created some of the greatest players ever. Players like Julius Erving and Moses Malone were the soul of the ABA. At its end in 1975, they introduced all of the great accomplishments and innovations into the NBA which made the combined league even greater. With the tradition of the NBA and the flair of the ABA, a new league was created which would become the greatest sports institution in the world. During the first combined season of the NBA, four of the top ten scorers and ten of the twenty-four all-stars were from the ABA. The first combined finals had five starters from the ABA (Sachare 186). The contribution which the ABA made to professional basketball was amazing. It gave it creativity along with history. The NBA may not have survived without the combination of the ABA. In essence, the ABA was the NBA's savior, and made huge contributions to the talent level and the history of the game. The ABA was a league which made great contributions to professional basketball by increasing the talent level, producing some great innovations like the three-point shot which is still used today, and producing some of the greatest players ever. The NBA of today was made from the ABA of old, and even though it had such a short life, it was one of the most important aspects in the history of professional basketball. Bibliography Brown, Kim (1996). The FIrst Dominant Big Man. HTTP: nba.com/nbaat50/mikan.html. Kirshenbaum, Jerry. "ABA Milestones". Sports Illustrated 17 May, 1993:15. Meely, Cliff. Personal Interveiw. 16 December, 1996. Pluto, Terry. Loose Balls. New York, NY: Simon and Schuster Inc., 1990. Sachare, Alex (Ed.). The Official NBA Basketball Encyclopedia. New York: Villiard Books, 1994.

Gradable Words

Gradable Words Gradable Words Gradable Words By Mark Nichol Many adjectives have degrees of grade or intensity: big (adjective), bigger (comparative adjective), and biggest (superlative adjective), for examples of varying grades, or loud (adjective), louder (comparative adjective), and loudest (superlative adjective) as various levels of intensity. Others, however, have no variation: You cannot (notwithstanding the poetic license of the US Constitution’s â€Å"a more perfect union†) be perfecter than someone else or be the perfectest of all. Such terms, classified as nongradable adjectives, are called absolutes: Just as one cannot be the perfectest person, one cannot be very unique or more correct, or the most unique or correct. Despite the definitive term absolute, however, there is a little wiggle room: When absolutes become modifiers or are themselves otherwise modified, the rules are relaxed: Someone can be more uniquely situated than someone else, or more politically correct. Likewise, terms that seem absolute something can’t be more excellent or more impossible than sometime else aren’t necessarily so: You can say that an experience was quite excellent or that a task was nearly impossible. (These, however, are qualitative, not quantitative, grades. You can measure that something is hotter than something else, but you can’t quantify excellence or possibility. Probability, yes; possibility, no.) Other absolutes include references to states of being, as with alive and dead and white and black, words that express extremes of size such as gigantic and minuscule, terms that refer to polar opposites of quality, like terrible and terrific, and those that indicate outliers of emotion: furious, overjoyed, distraught. Some words that can be used in the same situations are not necessarily interchangeable: For example, as mentioned above, hot is gradable (hot, hotter, hottest, or â€Å"very hot† or the like), but freezing, even though it can be substituted, without modifiers, for hot, is nongradable: â€Å"It’s really freezing† is a plausible informal comment, but it’s not a factual statement, and â€Å"It’s more freezing than it was earlier† is illogical. Some adjectives are gradable or nongradable depending on meaning. For example, though you can refer to an elderly man who owns property as a very old landlord, it’s incorrect to use the phrase â€Å"very old landlord† to refer to a landlord you had a long time ago; the phrase â€Å"old landlord† cannot be intensified to convey a significant passage of time since the pertinent state of â€Å"landlord† (as in â€Å"my landlord†) existed. Want to improve your English in five minutes a day? Get a subscription and start receiving our writing tips and exercises daily! Keep learning! Browse the Grammar category, check our popular posts, or choose a related post below:Definitely use "the" or "a"Do you "orient" yourself, or "orientate" yourself?The "Pied" in The Pied Piper

Managing Financial Resources in Health and Social Care Essay - 3

Managing Financial Resources in Health and Social Care - Essay Example Financial Management is therefore an important aspect which refers to the effective and efficient management of funds (money) in such a way that the objectives and goals of the organziation are accomplished. The department of finance requires the specialist functions that are connected with the top management at hierarchal ladder. Financial Management has been defined by Joseph Massie as the operational activity in a business organization which serves the purpose of obtaining the funds and utilizing them in an effective manner for the efficient business operations. Weston and Brigham describe this term as a domain of financial decision making that harmonizes the enterprise goals and individual motives (Weston, Fred and Brigham, Eugene, pp. 25-46). It is evident from the definitions that researchers and financial experts have recognized the purpose of financial management as an activity which pertains specifically to the planning, obtaining, monitoring, controlling and managing the funds or money in a business. It is a domain of business management activities within an organization that is dedicated to the careful selection and utilization of the capital and sources of finance for enabling a business organization to proceed into the direction of goal achievement (Weston, Fred and Brigham, Eugene, pp. 25-46). Thus, financial management involves the raising and allocation of capital judiciously. In order words, it is directly related to the concept of capital budgeting. Finance is the lifeblood of any organization. The financial management, until the period of 1960s, was considered to be of a descriptive nature in all industries along with its key role being to secure the financial requirements for fulfilling the operating objectives of the business. However, in the present era, the capacity of financial management contributes vitally to the management of any organization irrespective of its nature and structure. Now, the key

Public Relations Essay Example | Topics and Well Written Essays - 750 words - 6

Public Relations - Essay Example Enabling linkages: The board of trustees, small team of employees, the government and the regulators constitute important publics for Telethon through the enabling linkage. The Telethon trust comprises a board of nine trustees who meet periodically to oversee the functions of Telethon. His Excellency Malcolm McCusker AO QC and Prof Fiona Stanley AC are the patrons of the trust. People who work assiduously for Telethon includes Steve Mummery, the general manager; Danielle Toolin, the events and marketing manager; Adriana Filippou, the accounts and phone room manager; Lauren Castledine, the administration and events coordinator and Fat Cat, the furry lovable cat of Telethon. Diffused linkages: The Sunday Times that provides editorial support round the year, local community, Golden West Network that beams the Telethon program across Australia, and Channel Seven Perth that sets aside $600,000 to air the Telethon weekend are important media publics. Functional linkages (Input): Scores of volunteers who lend a hand to Telethon to raise funds for the kids of Western Australia, donors like JWH Group that builds the Telethon Metropolitan and Regional Homes, In-Vogue and Country Builders that assist JWH Group, Satterley Group and Peet who provide land to set up the buildings, BankWest facilitates in collection of donations, AV Partners, Perth Expo Hire and Cliftons provide infrastructure for Telethon weekend. In addition to this numerous individuals and community groups including schools, clubs and local businesses which help in Telethon’s fundraising right through the year are important publics associated with Telethon due to functional linkages. Finally corporate houses are important publics as they help Telethon with sponsorships. Lexus Of Perth which organizes the Lexus Ball for Telethon year on year is a case in point. Functional linkages (Output): Numerous hospitals, research institutions, and other beneficiaries that get financial assistance from

Economic Repercussions of Tourism in the Caribbean Essay -- Economics

Economic Repercussions of Tourism in the Caribbean The tourism industry is one of the largest contributors to the world GDP. It employs millions worldwide and provides a livelihood for nations and individuals alike. Focussing on a more specific economy - the economy of the Caribbean - a similar picture emerges. Much of the population has found employment in industries directly related to tourism and many more have done so in industries indirectly related to tourism. Albeit, there lurks a reality that defies this rosy illusion. The adverse effects of tourism on the economy are many and significant. In the long run, few clear advantages are visible. For countries of the Caribbean, that support their total national revenue figures primarily with tourism dollars, many challenges confront them. Commercialization of the local culture is probably the most visible change imposed by tourism. In an attempt to cater to the needs of the tourist culture, higher priority has been awarded to the capitalistic pursuits of wealth. All in exchange for age-old customs rich in heritage and traditions, they have replaced liquid assets for one that made the locals unique among all others in the world, their identity. Encouraging Americanized methods have rendered many of these ways of life obsolete. Tradition with regards to clothing styles, food, music, religion, and many other customs have begun to disappear from the lives of the people, all in the interest of the economy. There is no economy in the world that can claim to be immune from the occurrences of the natural elements. Droughts, floods, storms any many other natural disasters constitute as only one factor that incur profound impacts on the economies. The shock m... ...Asia, enjoys tremendous newly attained prosperity, and possesses a capitol that is regarded as an urban financial hub of the highest caliber. The tourist sector has developed as a result, especially business tourism. But these tourists do not come to take advantage of the weather and natural sites; rather they come to admire the accomplishments of the Malay. This tourism acts as a simple boost to the economy, not a lifeline. Changes in the volatile market of tourism will not adversely impact the country. The Caribbean nations should take example of the success of the Asians in transforming their countries into booming developing countries from their poverty stricken and technologically impaired plight only decades ago. Domestically owned corporations and far greater emphasis on technological and other industrial fields is vital to their successful future.

Introduction Fundamental Analysis

Fundamental analysis involves examining the economic, financial and other qualitative and quantitative factors related to a security in order to determine its intrinsic value. It attempts to study everything that can affect the security’s value, including macroeconomic factors (like the overall economy and industry conditions) and individually specific factors (like the financial condition and management of companies). Fundamental analysis, which is also known as quantitative analysis, involves delving into a company’s financial statements (such as profit and loss account and balance sheet) in order to study various financial indicators (such as revenues, earnings, liabilities, expenses, and assets). Such analysis is usually carried out by analysts, brokers and savvy investors. Many analysts and investors focus on a single number – net income (or earnings) – to evaluate performance. When investors attempt to forecast the market value of firm, they frequently rely on earnings. Many institutional investors, analysts and regulators believe earnings are not as relevant as they once were. Due to nonrecurring events, disparities in measuring risk and management ability to disguise fundamental earnings problems, other measures beyond net income can assist in predicting future firm earnings. Two approaches of fundamental analysis: * The top-down investor starts his or her analysis with global economics, including both international and national economic indicators, such as GDP growth rates, inflation, interest rates, exchange rates, productivity, and energy prices. He or she narrows his or her search down to regional/industry analysis of total sales, price levels, the effects of competing products, foreign competition, and entry or exit from the industry. Only then does he or she narrow his or her search to the best business in that area. * The bottom-up investor starts with specific businesses, regardless of their industry/region. How does fundamental analysis works ? The analysis of a business' health starts with financial statement analysis that includes ratios. It looks at dividends paid, operating cash flow, new equity issues and capital financing. The earnings estimates and growth rate projections published widely by Thomson Reuters and others can be considered either ‘fundamental' (they are facts) or ‘technical' (they are investor sentiment) based on your perception of their validity. The determined growth rates (of income and cash) and risk levels (to determine the discount rate) are used in various valuation models. The foremost is the discounted cash flow model, which calculates the present value of the future * Dividends received by the investor, along with the eventual sale price. Gordon model) * earnings of the company, or * Cash flows of the company. The amount of debt is also a major consideration in determining a company's health. It can be quickly assessed using the debt-to-equity ratio and the current ratio (current assets/current liabilities). The simple model commonly used is the Price/Earnings ratio. Implicit in this model of a perpetual annuity (Time value of money) is that the ‘flip' of the P /E is the discount rate appropriate to the risk of the business. The multiple accepted is adjusted for expected growth (that is not built into the model). Growth estimates are incorporated into the PEG ratio, but the math does not hold up to analysis. Its validity depends on the length of time you think the growth will continue. IGAR models can be used to impute expected changes in growth from current P/E and historical growth rates for the stocks relative to a comparison index. Computer modelling of stock prices has now replaced much of the subjective interpretation of fundamental data (along with technical data) in the industry. Since about year 2000, with the power of computers to crunch vast quantities of data, a new career has been invented. At some funds (called Quant Funds) the manager's decisions have been replaced by proprietary mathematical models. Benefits of fundamental analysis: * Identifying the intrinsic value of a security. * Identifying long term investment opportunities since it involves real time data. Drawbacks of fundamental analysis: * Too many economic indicators and extensive macroeconomic data can confuse novice investors. * The same set of information on, macroeconomic indicators can have varied effects on the same currencies at different times. It is beneficial only for long term investments. Fundamental Analysis Tools These are the most popular tools of fundamental analysis. They focus on earnings, growth, and value in the market. For convenience, I have broken them into separate articles. Each article discusses related ratios. There are links in each article to the other articles and back to this article. The articles are: * Earnings per Share – EPS * Price to Earnings Ratio – P/E * Projected Earnings Growth – PEG * Price to Sales – P/S * Price to Book – P/B * Dividend Payout Ratio * Dividend Yield Book Value * Return on Equity Ratio Analysis: Financial ratios are tools for interpreting financial statements to provide a basis for valuing securities and appraising financial and management performance. A good financial analyst will build in financial ratio calculations extensively in a financial modelling exercise to enable robust analysis. Financial ratios allow a financial analyst to: * Standardize information from financial statements across multiple financial years to allow comparison of a firm’s performance over time in a financial model. Standardize information from financial statements from different companies to allow an apples to apples comparison between firms of differing size in a financial model. * Measure key relationships by relating inputs (costs) with outputs (benefits) and facilities comparison of these relationships over time and across firms in a financial mode. In general, there are 4 kinds of financial ratios that a financial analyst will use most frequently, these are: 1. Performance ratio 2. Working capital ratio 3. Liquidity ratio 4. Solvency ratio These 4 financial ratios allow a good financial analyst to quickly and efficiently address the following questions or concerns: 1. Performance ratio: * What return is the company making on its capital investments? * What are its profit margins? 2. Working capital ratios: * How quickly are debts paid? * How many times is inventory turned? 3. Liquidity ratio: * Can company continue to pay its liabilities and debts? 4. Solvency ratios: * What is the level of debt in relation to other assets and debt to equity? * Is the level of interest payable out of profits? Why conduct fundamental analysis? Fundamental analysis helps you determine if a company is a good or poor investment choice. Imagine you’re a venture capitalist or a bank, who must decide if that company is worthy of a loan or equity investment. How can you evaluate whether this particular company deserves your investable capital? Fundamental analysts consider the following in making their decision to invest (or not): * Is the company making a profit consistently? (While this is naturally the most important question for investors, it’s important to consider the answer in a bigger context. A single profitable quarter for a new company might be a fluke. In the same regard, a drop in profitability for an established blue-chip company might just be a temporary setback. ) * Is that profit growing or declining over time? * Is the company holding its own relative to the competition? Is it a leader in its sector? Is that sector growing or declining in importance to the overall economy? * Can the company pay its bills adequately? If you were to dismantle the company’s operations today, what would be the intrinsic value of its assets versus the value of its debts? What information do we need to perform fundamental analysis? We can think of fundamental analysis as â€Å"investing by the numbers,† since much of the work involves evaluating financial statements issued by the company. Here are a few key statements you should learn to read and understand. All publicly traded companies in the United States are required to file statements of financial condition on a regular basis. These include the 10-Q, a quarterly statement, and the 10-K, an annual statement. Each statement follows a prescribed form to include certain basic information. Publicly traded companies are also subject to audits by government agencies that oversee their given industry. Those audits may be either scheduled or random events. The results of a regulatory audit may also be published–interesting reading for a would-be investor. The 10-Q and 10-K are good places to start your fundamental research, but you’ll likely want to dig deeper into the specifics. For that you’ll need to understand three interrelated types of statements: the balance sheet, the income statement and the cash flow statement. Reading a balance sheet: Assets As the name suggests, a â€Å"balance sheet† presents a picture of how the company’s assets – the value a company takes in – are â€Å"balanced out† against its liabilities – what the company must pay out. When Assets equals Liabilities plus Equity, that’s when the statement is said to be in balance. You can look up a balance sheet for any publicly traded U. S. stock on the TradeKing website under Quotes + Research > Quotes + News + Research. Just enter the company’s ticker symbol and you’ll be on your way. In most cases, balance sheets are presented in left and right side format. You'll find Assets on the left, and on the right side of the page are the Liabilities and Equity. (Sometimes these items are listed from top to bottom instead of left to right. ) Assets include resources the company has that are worth something. Many of these are self-explanatory, like Cash & Investments. Others are less familiar, like Current Assets, which refers to the value of assets that are readily converted into cash, such as Inventory or Receivables. Longer-term assets vary depending on business type, but may include such things as property or equipment values. Since long-term assets gradually decrease in value over time, Accumulated Depreciation is subtracted from this. Note that depreciated assets may show up as having little or no value on the balance sheet but may have a much greater market value if sold. Reading a balance sheet: Liabilities Liabilities are obligations the company has made to outside parties who have provided resources. In essence, these outside parties may have lent money or other supplies to the company and therefore are owed repayment. It’s important to note these outside parties do not have ownership in the company; they are creditors. Items under Liabilities include Accounts Payable, the amount the company may owe suppliers, and Income Taxes Payable, which is self-explanatory. Note that Current Liabilities, which are short-term, are listed separately just as Current Assets are. This section may also contain long-term debt obligations: for example, if the company has taken out bank loans to finance equipment or real estate, or if the company has issued corporate bonds to investors. A figure called the Quick Ratio helps investors determine if a company’s assets and liabilities are in a healthy balance. The quick ratio measures a company's ability to meet its short-term obligations with its most liquid assets. The higher the quick ratio, the better the financial position of the company. It’s calculated as follows: Note that the Quick Ratio is more conservative than some other liquidity measures, like the Current Ratio, because it excludes inventory from current assets. If you believe the company might have difficulty turning their inventory into cash, then the Quick Ratio might give a more accurate picture of the company’s short-term financial strength. Reading a cash flow statement: The cash flow statement helps investors answer questions like: Is the company generating enough cash needed to fund growth? Is growth outpacing cash generation, requiring additional financing? Is the company generating enough cash to cover its short-term needs? In times of easy credit, companies may be able to patch over cash flow interruptions with interim financing; during tighter credit markets, though, such financing may not be as readily available. In those situations, steady cash-flow generated by the company’s operations becomes especially important. There are three big categories of cash flow to pay attention to here. Word of warning: it’s not always crystal-clear from just glancing at a cash flow statement which line items represent cash flowing IN versus cash flowing OUT. Cash generated by and used by the company’s operations is summarized in the Net Cash Flow – Operating Activities line. That line includes cash flowing in as well as cash-out. The company’s long-term investing of cash is detailed in the Net Cash Flow – Investing line. That consists of cash flowing out. The third and last part, the â€Å"Net Cash Flow – Financing† line, shows the cash a company raised through from financing activities. That’s cash that came in. The very bottom line shows the net change in the company’s cash position. If you add the line to the cash on the balance sheet from the previous year, you’ll get the current cash position on the current year’s balance sheet.

30 Quotes by Aristotle

Aristotle was an Ancient Greek philosopher who lived from 384-322 BCE. One of the most influential philosophers, Aristotles work was the foundational building blocks of all Western philosophy to follow. Courtesy of translator Giles Laurà ©n, author of  The Stoics Bible, here is a list of 30 Aristotle quotations from his Nicomachean Ethics. Many of these may seem like noble goals to live by. They may make you think twice, especially if you dont consider yourself a philosopher, but simply want age-tested ideas on how to live a better life. Aristotle on Politics Politics appears to be the master art, for it includes so many others and its purpose is the good of man. While it is worthy to perfect one man, it is finer and more godlike to perfect a nation.There are three prominent types of life: pleasure, political, and contemplative. The mass of mankind is slavish in their tastes, preferring a life suitable to beasts; they have some ground for this view since they are imitating many of those in high places. People of superior refinement identify happiness with  honor, or virtue, and generally the political life.Political science spends most of its pains on forming its citizens to be of good character and capable of noble acts. Aristotle on Goodness Every art and every inquiry, and similarly, every action and pursuit is thought to aim at some good, and for this reason, the good has been declared to be that at which all things aim.If there is some end in the things we do, which we desire for its own sake, clearly this must be the chief good. Knowing this will have a great influence on how we live our lives.If things are good in themselves, the goodwill appears as something identical in them all, but the accounts of the goodness in  honor, wisdom, and pleasure are diverse. The good, therefore, is not some common element answering to one idea.Even if there be one good which is universally predictable or is capable of independent existence, it could not be attained by man.If we consider the function of man to be a certain kind of life, and this to be an activity of the soul implying a rational principle, and the function of a good man to be the noble performance of these, and if any action is well performed when it is performed in accordance with the appropriate principle; if this is the case, human good turns out to be activity of the soul in accordance with virtue. Aristotle on Happiness Men generally agree that the highest good attainable by action is happiness, and identify living well and doing well with happiness.The self-sufficient we define as that which when isolated, makes life desirable and complete, and such we think happiness to be. It cannot be exceeded and  is, therefore,  the end of  action.Some identify happiness with virtue, some with practical wisdom, others with a kind of philosophical wisdom, others add or exclude pleasure and yet others include prosperity. We agree with those who identify happiness with virtue, for virtue belongs with virtuous  behavior  and virtue is only known by its acts.Is happiness to be acquired by learning, by habit, or some other form of training? It seems to come as a result of virtue and some process of learning and to be among the godlike things since its end is godlike and blessed.No happy man can become miserable, for he will never do acts that are hateful and mean. Aristotle on Education It is the mark of an educated man to look for precision in each class of thing in so far as its nature admits.Moral excellence is concerned with pleasure and pain; because of pleasure we do bad things and for fear of pain we avoid noble ones. For this reason, we ought to be trained from youth, as Plato says: to find pleasure and pain where we ought; this is the purpose of education. Aristotle on Wealth The life of money-making is one undertaken under compulsion since wealth is not the good we are seeking and is merely useful for the sake of something else. Aristotle on Virtue Knowledge is not necessary for the possession of the virtues, whereas the habits which result from doing just and temperate acts count for all. By doing just acts the just man is produced, by doing temperate acts, the temperate man; without acting well no one can become good. Most people avoid good acts and take refuge in theory and think that by becoming philosophers they will become good.If the virtues are neither passions nor facilities, all that remains is that they should be states of character.Virtue is a state of character concerned with choice, being determined by rational principle as determined by the moderate man of practical wisdom.The end being what we wish for, the means what we deliberate about and we choose our actions voluntarily. The exercise of virtues is concerned with means, and therefore, both virtue and vice are in our power. Aristotle on Responsibility It is absurd to make external circumstances responsible and not oneself, and to make oneself responsible for noble acts and pleasant objects responsible for base ones.We punish a man for his ignorance if he is thought to be responsible for his ignorance.Everything done by reason of ignorance is involuntary. The man who has acted in ignorance has not acted voluntarily since he did not know what he was doing. Not every wicked man is ignorant of what he ought to do and what he ought to abstain from; by such errors, men become unjust and bad. Aristotle on Death Death is the most terrible of all things, for it is the end, and nothing is thought to be either good or bad for the dead. Aristotle on Truth He must be open in his hate and in his love, for to conceal ones feelings is to care less for truth than for what people think and that is the cowards part. He must speak and act openly because it is his to speak the truth.Each man speaks and acts and lives according to his character. Falsehood is mean and culpable and truth is noble and worthy of praise. The man who is truthful where nothing is at stake will be still more truthful where something is at stake. Aristotle on Economic Means All men agree that a just distribution must be according to merit in some sense; they do not all specify the same sort of merit, but democrats identify with freemen, supporters of oligarchy with wealth (or noble birth), and supporters of aristocracy with excellence.When a distribution is made from the common funds of a partnership it will be according to the same ratio which the funds were put into the business by the partners and any violation of this kind of justice would be an injustice.People are different and unequal and yet must be somehow equated. This is why all things that are exchanged must be comparable and to this end, money has been introduced as an intermediate for it measures all things. In truth, demand holds things together and without it, there would be no exchange. Aristotle on Government Structure There are three kinds of  constitution: monarchy, aristocracy, and that based on property, timocratic. The best is  monarchy, the worst timocracy. Monarchy deviates to tyranny; the king looks to his peoples interest; the tyrant looks to his own. Aristocracy passes over to oligarchy by the badness of its rulers who distribute contrary to equity what belongs to the city; most of the good things go to themselves and office always to the same people, paying most regard to wealth; thus the rulers are few and are bad men instead of the most worthy. Timocracy passes over to democracy since both are ruled by the majority. Source Laurà ©n, Giles. The Stoics Bible Florilegium for the Good Life: Expanded. Paperback, Second, revised and expanded edition, Sophron, February 12, 2014.